Kagan Cooperative Learning
Kagan Cooperative Learning is an inclusive, research-based approach to teaching developed by Dr Spencer Kagan. It is built on the belief that every child deserves to be actively engaged, valued and successful in their learning. At its heart, is a commitment to equality of participation, teamwork and positive relationships, ensuring that all children are accountable for their learning and thrive.
Our Ethos
Kagan is driven by the principle that learning is strongest when it is social, structured and supportive. It promotes:
- Positive interdependence – children work together towards shared success.
- Individual accountability – every pupil is responsible for their own learning.
- Equal participation – carefully designed structures ensure everyone contributes.
- Simultaneous interaction – many children are actively engaged at the same time.
This approach builds not only academic understanding but also confidence, resilience, empathy and communication skills.
How It Works
Rather than relying on traditional “hands up” questioning, Kagan uses carefully designed cooperative structures. These are simple, repeatable strategies that organise how pupils interact, discuss and share ideas. The structure ensures that all children think, speak and listen during lessons.
The Essential 5 Kagan Structures:
1. Rally Robin
Pupils work in pairs and take turns sharing ideas or answers aloud. Responses move quickly back and forth, ensuring equal participation and high engagement.
2. Timed Pair Share
Partners take turns speaking for a set amount of time while the other listens carefully. This structure develops speaking, listening, and confidence, giving every child uninterrupted time to express their thinking.
3. Round Robin
In small teams, pupils take turns sharing responses in sequence around the group. Each child contributes one idea at a time, promoting inclusion and attentive listening.
4. Rally Coach
Pupils work in pairs to solve problems. One partner solves while explaining their thinking, and the other coaches, encourages, and checks for accuracy. They then swap roles. This builds understanding, resilience, and peer support.
5. Stand Up, Hand Up, Pair Up
Pupils stand, raise a hand, and find a partner. They discuss a question or complete a short task before moving on to a new partner. This structure increases energy, movement, and opportunities to rehearse learning through talk.
How It Supports Children’s Learning
Kagan Cooperative Learning increases engagement, deepens understanding through discussion, and strengthens memory through active participation. It supports all learners — including quieter pupils and those who need additional support — by providing clear roles and structured opportunities to contribute.
By embedding cooperative learning into everyday teaching, we create classrooms where children feel safe to share ideas, challenge themselves, and celebrate success together.
